Porcelain
What is Porcelain?
Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating materials, generally including kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 and 1,400 °C (2,200 and 2,550 °F). The toughness, strength, and translucence of porcelain, relative to other types of pottery, arise mainly from the formation of glass and the mineral mullite within the fired body at these high temperatures. Porcelain is known for its beauty and durability, and it has been used for a wide variety of purposes, including tableware, decorative objects, and industrial applications.
Optical Properties
- Refractive Index
- 1.53-1.56
- Birefringence
- 0.000
- Pleochroism
- None
- Optical Character
- Isotropic
- Dispersion
- None
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Porcelain Market Value Calculator
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Porcelain Localities Map
See where Porcelain is found with a localities map, collecting zones, and geology context. Generate a sample map preview below.
Quick Facts
Physical Properties
- Color
- White, often with variations and patterns
- Hardness (Mohs)
- 6-7
- Density
- 2.3-2.5 g/cm³
- Luster
- Vitreous
- Crystal System
- Amorphous
Chemical Properties
- Chemical Formula
- Variable, primarily composed of silicates (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), and other minerals
- Elements
- Si, O, Al, and other trace elements
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